engleski

The architecture, heritage and monuments protection under Fascist government in Zadar

The architecture, heritage, and monuments in Zadar had a significant meaning to the Italian Government since Zadar was newly gained Italian territory on the “other side of the Adriatic Sea” after World War I. As Fascism was raised in Italy, as far raised interest in architecture, urban planning, and tailor-made new cities and sites that were planned and built to fit new politics and Duce. Accordingly, Fascist ideology had a more and more impact on architectural designs and urban planning. The paper will discuss the change in architectural appearance that took place in architecture in Zadar between World Wars. In those years Zadar got architecture decorated with large fascio political symbols. The new architectural and politically inspired decoration was sometimes on just a symbolic level, but sometimes it took a far more serious form. The paper will present some architectural and urbanistic designs built in Zadar in that period. Architects incorporated in those designs a poetic verse, symbols of ancient Rome, or pure fascist symbols. Since this was a topic no one dealt with (most of it will be destroyed during bombing or will be removed from standing buildings after World War II) memory of such decorations will be erased from collective memory. Today only a partial iconography from that period is preserved on the building of the municipality administration on the main city square. The monuments’ protection and meaning of Heritage also changed before and during World War II in Zadar. Many Art objects become very interesting to the Fascist Party, and the role of monuments as testimonies of italianità was the focus of politicians. There are several cases involving the transfer of works of art from Zadar to Italy and from Italy to Zadar, including art objects from the Museum as a gift to the politicians. After World War II Ljubo Karaman will have a significant role regarding art objects translocated from Zadar during World War II.

architecture, heritage, monuments protection, Fascist government, Zadar

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