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From Initial Terminological Project to a Richly Illustrated Vocabulary: The Development of the Croatian Glossary of Classical Architecture

The Glossary of Classical Architecture (KLAS) was a project financed by the Croatian Science Foundation as part of the Croatian Special Field Terminology (STRUNA) programme. This paper aims to discuss how the conclusion of this project led to the development of a new one: the future Illustrated Glossary of Classical Architecture in Croatian. The concept of classical architecture includes the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome. Later styles, including Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassical, and several Historicist styles, relied on and built upon it in creative ways. It was therefore classical architecture – its vocabulary, architectural elements, principles, and typologies – that determined the development and understanding of architecture generally. As a result, there are numerous excellent glossaries of classical architecture in a variety of languages. Until recently, such a valuable terminological resource did not exist in Croatian, and as a result special field terminology in academic and professional publications was frequently imprecise and inconsistent. English terminology was frequently used uncritically and unsystematically, without considering whether the use of such terms was semantically appropriate. In particular, little effort was made to determine if these adopted terms were compatible with the rules relating to phonology, morphology, and word formation in the Croatian language. The first part of this analysis therefore focuses on the all-encompassing classical architecture terminology project that was carried out through collaboration between art and architecture historians, conservators, and experts from the Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics. Between 2018 and 2020, this project provided the groundwork for the development of more appropriate and precise terminology in the field of classical architecture. In June 2021, the glossary was finally evaluated and released to the public as part of the searchable national terminology database Struna (http://struna.ihjj.hr/browse/?pid=48). It thus became the first structured linguistic tool in the Croatian language for understanding and studying the field of architecture from the earliest periods to the present, and was available to the broadest possible audience. From the moment that the interdisciplinary team began working on it, the development of a traditional term base for classical architecture, and the organisation of the linguistic materials it contains, were considered only the necessary first step in the development of the glossary, a kind of intermediate stage between the initial idea of systematising the terminology and an illustrated glossary. Because the language of architecture is largely a visual language, while working on the terminology the team also selected visual materials that related to the terms in question. In doing so, they remained constantly aware of the fact that Croatian classical monuments offered an excellent source for illustrating classical historical forms. Upon conclusion of the terminological project, therefore, the team immediately began working on the next phase, which resulted in the project The First Illustrated Croatian Glossary of Classical Architecture, With Translations Into Four Languages. The project has already been partly funded by the private Adris Foundation and is set to conclude with the publication of the illustrated glossary. The second part of the present analysis will focus on the project team’s current methodologies for transforming the terminological entries relating to a particular architectural term into more detailed entries for a future vocabulary or lexicon. Moreover, it will discuss in more detail the refinement and systematisation of numerous terms and the scope of the work done on terms for a more specialised subset of users, with the understanding that in contrast to the publicly available term base, the illustrated glossary will be used more by specialists and students. On the editorial level, moreover, consultation of the best international publications relating to this topic forms an important part of the work, with the aim of selecting an appropriate academically trained illustrator and the best possible adaptation of the Croatian linguistic materials to the selected visual materials.

Croatian terminology ; glossary of classical architecture ; illustrated vocabulary

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