engleski

Middle La Tene graves of women at the cemetery of Osijek - Zeleno polje in eastern Slavonia (Croatia): women's costume and jewellery as a recognizable mark of identity and status

The greatest number of Middle La Tene graves of women in the territory of the Scordisci, with distinctive items of costume and jewellery, has been found in the biritual cemetery of Osijek - Zeleno polje. Their analysis has shown that some forms belong to the characteristic material heritage of the SCordisci, the most distinctive form being Osijek-type astragal belts. On the other hand, some items were produced according to the common decorative concepts of the Eastern Celts, which Scordiscan workshops adapted into original forms, such as the bronze fibulae of the local Slavonian-Syrmian variant with a pseudo- filigree ornament or the Osijek-type bronze bracelets. Also, there are notable items of women's costume and jewellery with a supra- regional distribution, such as iron chain belts and fibulae with two knobs, which can be seen as proof of dynamic cultural contacts. This is testified by the most beautiful example of Celtic craftsmanship in the Osijek cemetery: a bronze belt consisting of Manching-type profiled rod- shaped segments. This belt is not only a result of cultural transfer, but also a possible indication of mobility of the woman who wore it. The analysis of the Middle La Tene women's costume and jewellery items from the cemetery of Osijek-Zeleno polje shows that their use reflects different aspects of social identities and has a distinctive gender and age significance, while indicating the social and economic power of the community that their wearers belonged to. The different combinations point to the creation of a distinctive visual code, making it possible to reconstruct an idealized image of the women, testifying to the emergence of a complex cultural ladnscape in the south-eastern Carpathian Basin in the 3rd and 2nd cent. BC.

cemetery ; Osijek ; women's graves ; costume ; jewellery ; identity ; status ; cultural contacts ; mobility

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