engleski

Role of fertilization and hybrids for improvement of maize growing on K-deficient soil

Five maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (OsSK444, OsSK458, OsSK552, Bc5982 and Florencia) were grown on hydromorfic soil (AL-method = 19.9 mg P2O5 and 9.27 mg K2O/100 g of soil) during two growing seasons. Two ameliorative rates of K (KCl form) were applied (500 and 1250 kg K2O/ha) on ordinary fertilization before sowing (April 2, 2001). Experimental plots measured 165 m2 and 28 m2, for fertilization and hybrid, respectively. Maize was sown at end of April on planned plant density 58310/ha. In the second year, residual effects of ameliorative fertilization were tested. In the first year grain yields of maize increased for 9% and 14% as affected by application 500 and 1250 kg K2O/ha, respectively. Yield increases of individual maize hybrids under influences of applied fertilization were in range from 5.4% (Florencia) to 28.3% (OsSK458). In the second year was found considerable residual influences of KCl on maize yields. For example, average yield increases were 16% and 24% by application 500 and 1250 kg K2O/ha, respectively. Significant yield increases as affected by KCl were as follows: 16.7% (OsSK552), 30.1% (Bc5982), 35.7% (OsSK444) and 37.8% (OsSK458), respectively. Adequate K nutrition is important factor of maize resistance to diseases, including diseases promoting stalk lodging (SL) at maturity stage. Frequency of SL in the first year of testing was 42% on the control treatment and 18% under conditions of 1250 kg K2O/ha application. In the second year SL incidences were lower, means 2% and 12%, for the control and ameliorative KCl (residual effects) fertilization, respectively.

maize hybrids ; potassium fertilization ; K-fixing soil ; Eastern Croatia ; yield

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