engleski

Response of wheat to nitrogen fertilization in the Eastern Croatia

Winter wheat is the second-ranged field crop on arable lands in Croatia (235939 ha or 16.2% of total arable lands and grain yield 4.37 t ha-1: status 2000). In general, wheat yields are low in comparison with genetic potential of high yielding wheat cultivars and environment possibilities. Low consumption of mineral fertilizers, especially in the last decade period, could be also reason for low yields. As nitrogen (N) is main factor of yield formation and that problem of N in wheat management practice is current, object of this study was rates, sources and way of N distributions by fertilization. Some experiences in N fertilization of wheat grown on fertile soils of the eastern Croatia reviewed by previous studies. Response of wheat to N fertilization is under considerable environmental influences. Weather conditions influences are mainly lower on fertile soils. The obtained results shoved that the first top-dressing, usually applied in the autumn if the crop reaches the stage of the three leaves, is not necessary on the fertile soils of the Eastern Croatia. Two top-dressings (at the stages of tillering and stem elongation) are quite sufficient. A top- dressing at the stage of heading (to compensate for the amount of N with held in the previous top-dressings) was not found to be justifiable in the given agroecological conditions. Also, sources of N were less important factor of wheat yield in comparison with their quantities.

wheat ; nitrogen fertilization ; Eastern Croatia

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