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The role of long non-coding RNAs and the RNA exosome in regulation of gene expression

The RNA exosome is a conserved protein complex involved in 3'-to-5' degradation and processing of all types of RNA classes in eukaryotic cells. The recently characterized substrates of the RNA exosome complex are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts that do not code for proteins, but have the potential to regulate gene expression. The main objective of this work was to determine the role of lncRNAs and the RNA exosome complex in the regulation of stress-related genes in yeast. This work demonstrates that the RNA exosome is critical for maintaining yeast cell wall stability by regulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in protein glycosylation, which is essential for supporting the cell wall structure. In maintaining cell wall stability, the RNA exosome functions in parallel with Ssd1, an RNA-binding protein that regulates translation of cell wall-related mRNAs. Furthermore, this work elucidates the molecular mechanisms through which lncRNAs and the RNA exosome regulate the expression of stress-related genes. A regulatory role has been demonstrated for the lncRNA transcribed at the gene locus encoding the protein Psa1, which is involved in the synthesis of the mannosylation precursor. Furthermore, this work demonstrates a negative regulatory role of antisense transcription at the PHO5 model gene locus at the level of promoter chromatin structure.

gene expression, lncRNAs, RNA exosome, stress conditions, yeast S. cerevisiae

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