engleski

Non-destructive quantification of nutrient deficiency symptoms in common bean

High yields in crop production rely on a constant supply with high amounts of plant nutrients. Thus, inappropriate nutrient supply can cause significant economic losses. Nutrient deficiency alters plant morphological and physiological traits, i.e. cause specific symptoms which could be detected by non- destructive methods, using spectral reflectance analyses. This study aimed to describe and quantify the development of the nutrient deficit (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe)) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. Plants were grown in a control nutrient solution and in solutions lacking N, P, K, Mg or Fe and were analyzed every three days during 12 days of growth. Irrespective of measured traits, earliest symptoms and most pronounced changes were detected for K and N deficiency, whereas slowest and least pronounced symptoms development were found in Fe deficiency. From the fluorescence parameters, the earliest and most pronounced response was detected in electron transport rate, which decreased after six days for all treatments compared to control, except for the Fe deficiency. Of the morphological traits, the earliest response reduction in leaf area, found at sixth day in all treatments compared to the control. From multispectral traits, the earliest and most significant differences compared to control were reduction in green leaf index and increase in specific green reflection. These results show that nutrient deficiency could be detected and traced nondestructively using multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis.

common bean, nutrient deficiency, multispectral analysis, chlorophyll fluorescence, symptom development

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