engleski

Influence of spray drying conditions on encapsulation of sea buckthorn oil (Eleagnus Rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson)

Sea buckthorn (Eleagnus Rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson) berry oil (SBO) as a rich source of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, tocopherols, omega-3, 6, 7, and 9 fatty acids) is susceptible to oxidative deterioration and unstable under processing and storage conditions, limiting its use in the food industry. Encapsulation by spray drying (SD) is a reliable technique widely used to overcome the above-mentioned problems. However, to achieve high encapsulation efficiency (EE) and the desired powder quality, the SD parameters such as drying temperatures, carriers and carrier-oil ratios should be optimized. Successful encapsulation of oils should result in an encapsulated powder with minimum surface oil content and maximum retention of oil in the powder particles (Jafari et al., 2008). Gum arabic is the most commonly used carrier for the encapsulation of oils. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of SD conditions on EE and product yield (PY) using gum arabic as a carrier at different drying temperatures (120 to 180 °C) and carrier-oil ratios (2 to 4). The EE of all SBO powders ranged from 79.33 to 93.18%, and the highest EE was obtained at a drying air temperature of 180 ˚C and a carrier-oil ratio of 4. Increasing the drying temperature and adding more carrier to the initial emulsion resulted in a higher EE of SD, probably due to less diffusion of the oil to the surface, as the time to form a crust around the droplets is reduced and the amount of unencapsulated surface oil decreases (Di Giorgio, Salgado & Mauri, 2019 ; Tonon & Hubinger, 2014). The PY of all SBO powders ranged from 35.79 to 52.28 % and the highest PY was obtained at a drying air temperature of 120 ˚C and a carrier-oil ratio of 3. Higher drying temperatures resulted in lower PY which could be due to extreme vaporization at high inlet air temperatures and degradation or loss of encapsulated cores. Drying temperature, carrier oil ratio and their combined effect significantly influenced EE and PY. The SD is an effective method for producing SBO powders with great potential as functional food ingredients.

sea buckthorn ; oil ; encapsulation ; gum arabic ; yield ; encapsulation efficiency

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