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Fear of Crime

According to Hale ( 1996) and Farrall, Gray, and Jackson ( 2007), fear of crime (FOC) refers to the fear of being a victim of crime as opposed to the actual probability of being a victim of crime, while according to Ferraro ( 1995, p. 24), FOC is an emotional response expressed in the form of “dread” of becoming a victim of crime or anxiety toward crime in general or toward symbols that are associated with crime. Other authors (Pain, 2000, p. 367) argue that FOC refers to the wide range of emotional and practical responses to crime and disorder individuals and communities may make. Although there is still no overall accepted definition of FOC (De Donder, Buffel, Verte, Dury, & De Vitte, 2009), but according to Henson, Fisher, and May (2014) following key elements are present in majority of them: FOC is defined as a negative emotional response which is caused by real or potential threat or danger, of an actual or potential criminal incident.

Fear of crime

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