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Probiotic activity of Lacticaseibacillus casei 431® in food for special medical purposes

Increased awareness about the importance of nutrition in health promotion and disease prevention has driven the development of nutraceuticals. In this research, probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus casei 431® was incorporated into the food for special medical purposes to develop an innovative nutraceutical product. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the influence of the target food matrix on the specific probiotic properties of the strain in vitro. Both cultures, the pure lyophilized and the one isolated from food for special medical purposes, efficiently survived the adverse conditions in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, without significant effect of the food matrix. The observed effect of matrix on bile salts deconjugation activity was minimal, however, cholesterol assimilation was increased by 16.4%. Lb. casei 431® exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria as revealed by the agar spot-test method, which was not impacted by the food matrix. Contrariwise, bacterial cells culture from food matrix showed a significantly higher inhibitory effect on test-microorganisms determined by the agar diffusion method. The result of the turbidimetric method indicated that the food for special medical purposes enhanced the antimicrobial effect of Lb. casei 431® probably due to the stimulation of metabolic activity and production of antimicrobial metabolites in the presence of matrix. The autoaggregation capacity of L. casei 431® cells was not affected by the food matrix. Furthermore, in adhesion 144 assays, the adherence of the bacterial cells of 431® to the extracellular matrix proteins, fibronectin, collagen and laminin found in intestinal tissues, was reduced after treatment with proteinase K where the highest adhesion to laminin was observed. Adhesion of Lb. casei 431® decreased the binding of E. coli 3014 by 1.81 log units and the binding of S. Typhimurium FP1 by 1.85 log units in model Caco-2 cell lines suggesting the potential of the pathogen competitive exclusion.

food for special medical purposes ; Lacticaseibacillus casei 431® ; probiotic activity

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