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The activity of garlic extracts inhibits epithelial damage caused by bile salt in a cellular model of peptic ulcer disease

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common digestive disorder and global problem with a lifetime risk of development ranging from 5% to 10%. Proton pump inhibitors such as lansoprazole (LPZ) are used as a first-line therapy to treat gastric ulcers worldwide. On the other hand, garlic extracts (GE) have been shown in several studies to be beneficial in the treatment of ulcers. The goal of this research was to establish a cell culture model of ulcer disease using bile salts ; sodium taurocholate (NaT), to investigate the effects of pretreatment with GE and addition of LPZ on oxidative stress and F-actin distribution in a cell model of PUD. The establishment of the NaT model was determined by the MTT test. The ability of GE to protect the gastric cells against the damage induced by NaT was performed by determining glutathione (GSH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels by ELISA, proliferation of the human gastric cell line by cell counting, expression of nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 (NFKB2), thioredoxine 1 (TRX 1) by RT PCR, and visualization of the F-actin cytoskeleton by semi-quantification of rhodamine-phalloidin staining. Our results showed that gastric cells pretreated with LPZ (p<0.001) and increasing concentrations of GE (p<0.001), exhibited a significant reduction in cell damage after incubation with NaT. In a cell culture model of PUD, pretreatment with LPZ and various concentrations of GE increased PGE2 and GSH levels (p<0.001). Positive correlation of NFKB2 (p<0.01), and TRX 1 (p<0.001) with LPZ and GE pretreatment was confirmed. Treatment with NaT as oxidative stress on F actin structure was less pronounced, while the highest concentration of GE led to a statistically significant increase of total amount of F-actin (p<0.001). In a cell model of PUD, pretreatment with GE showed a gastroprotective effect. However, further experiments are needed to confirm protective role of GE in PUD

peptic ulcer disease, garlic extracts, lansoprazole, sodium taurocholate

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