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Association between FTO gene polymorphisms rs9939609, rs1421085 and rs17817449 and prediabetes or diabetes

OBJECTIVE Fat mass and obesity- associated(FTO)genehas been linked to obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2 in whole-genome-wide studies. The aim of the study was to determine the association of the FTO gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) rs9939609, rs1421085, and rs17817449 with diabetes or prediabetes in obese women. METHODS 46 obese women volunteered to participate in the study (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Following signed consent genotyping of SNPs rs9939609, rs1421085 and rs17817449 was performed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). The real- time PCR method enables the determination of allelic variants based on the emitted fluorescent signal and allelic discrimination. Subject’s glucose and lipid values, blood pressure, and waist circumference were measured. For statistical analysis we used Fisher-Irwin exact test. RESULTS All risk genotypes of the studied FTO gene polymorphisms (CC rs1421085, AA rs9939609 and GG rs17817449) were associated with higher BMI (P <0.05). All three examined SNPs had 39.13% homozygotes for the risk allele. There is no statistically significant association between FTO risk genotypes and prediabetes or diabetes mellitus type 2. Test subjects have more diagnosed prediabetesthan diagnosed diabetes, 30, 56 % vs 15, 56 %. Results showed that patients with prediabetes have less risk allele genotypes in compare to patients without prediabetes for all 3 investigated polymorphisms(rs17817449 58, 33 % vs 84 %, p=0, 13 ; rs1421085 58, 33 % vs 88 %, p=0, 09 ; rs9939609 66, 67% vs 84 %, p=0, 2). Similar results were found for patients with diabetes (rs1412085 71, 43 % vs 81, 58%, p=0, 86 ; rs9939609 71, 43 % vs 81, 58 %, p=0, 86). CONCLUSION These results indicate that FTO polymorphisms have no impact on prediabetes or diabetes in obese women.FTO gene could indirectly impact insulin signaling and thereby impact diabetes. However, for that conclusion in future studies, it is required to expand research with other genes that include metabolic signaling and increase sample size.

FTO gene, diabetes mellitus type 2, single nucleotide polymorphism, obesity

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