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Supercritical CO2 extraction as a selective technique for obtaining industrial hemp extracts rich in CBD and terpenes

Natural products are increasingly in demand in dermatology and cosmetology for reasons of sustainability and environmental protection. They are also a potential means of improving treatment outcomes for chronic skin diseases and skin care. Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) contains many medicinal properties that are slowly being discovered. Industrial hemp in its natural form, contain very small amounts of CBD, but therefore contain its acid form, which is CBDA. Once this acid form is activated by increasing the temperature, the desired effect and the corresponding decarboxylated analogue (CBD) is formed. This study is a good example for obtaining highly valuable natural extracts of industrial hemp with green technique - supercritical CO2 (sCO2) extraction. Terpenes in the extracts were determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) while high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify present cannabinoids. GC-MS analysis indicated β-myrcene chemotype, with abundant α- pinene and β-pinene and variety of other monoterpenes as minor constituents, while the most abundant sesquiterpene was β-caryophyllene. Extracts rich in cannabidiol (CBD) as predominant compound were obtained at higher pressure with decarboxylation as pretreatment before sCO2 extraction.

industrial hemp ; supercritical CO2 extraction ; cannabinoids ; terpenes

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