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Late Gothic and Renaissance sacral silver Objects in the area of the Zagreb (Arch)diocese

Liturgical utensils at the turn of the late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era connected to the area of today's Zagreb Archdiocese, Diocese until 1852, are stylistically and historically very interesting ; mostly preserved at the Zagreb Cathedral Treasury, also in certain Zagreb churches and some churches of the (Arch)diocese. Only a few utensils from that period, covering the area of the Diocese, are part of the Museum of Arts and Crafts' holdings. Vessels and artwork, subject to this review, made during the second half of the 15th and the first half of the 16th century, were preserved despite turbulent events and Ottoman conquests, especially after the lost battle of Mohács in 1526. Significant are utensils from the legacies of Zagreb bishops, active at that time and quite influential at the Hungarian- Croatian court: Oswald Thuz, Luka Baratin (de Szegedi) and Simon Erdödy. Utensils, property of court orderers like John Corvinus, also belong here. They are the most representative examples of the period, today mostly preserved at the Zagreb Cathedral Treasury. Stylistically seen, the multitude of works belong to the Gothic and Late Gothic period, also of mixed Gothic and Renaissance style on the same item, though predominantly Gothic. The review of preserved liturgical utensils reveals the domination of Gothic and Late Gothic metalworking until the beginning of the 16th century ; politically, until the second rule of the Jagelonian dynasty. Elements of Renaissance are encountered more frequently from the beginning of the 16th century. Only a few Renaissance examples were kept. Typologically, most numerous are chalices, although pastoral staffs, paxes, monstrances and individual items of thuribles and aspersories for the Holy Water were also kept. Regarding the attribution of goldsmith work and the place of creation, no data so far helped ascribe the preserved objects to a specific locality or master. However, parallels were perceived in the shaping of certain vessels like chalices, preserved in more items of very similar metalworking. These elements point to identical sources. Analogies in shaping, decorative elements, especially engraved motifs, indicate the use of graphic patterns. So far motifs and elements were recognized that could be attributed or partly linked to Martin Schongauer and his teacher Master ES. The aim of the presentation is to provide a selection of the most representative objects and a stylistic and morphological review of liturgical vessels connected to the Zagreb diocese, created during the second half of the 15th and the first half of the 16th century.

applied art, goldsmithing, sacral art, liturgical objects, jewelry, gothic art, renaissance

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