engleski

Allelic impacts of SNP markers on pre-harvest sprouting resistance in a panel of winter wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) cultivars

Selection for pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance in wheat is often costly and time- consuming, especially in early segregating generations when a large number of lines are phenotyped. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic variation in PHS resistance of 200 winter wheat cultivars adapted to growing conditions in SE Europe and to investigate the allelic impact of 38 KASP (SNP) markers on their PHS resistance. Cultivars were examined for their PHS phenotype based on germination index (GI) in four environments. The combined ANOVA across environments revealed that genetic (G), environmental (E), and G × E interaction variance accounted for 46, 22, and 27% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively, with an estimated broad-sense heritability of 0.86. After excluding markers with an extremely high rate of missing data and those that are monomorphic, a total of 21 polymorphic SNP markers were analyzed for their effects on GI, considering only homozygous genotypes that have either a tolerant or a susceptible allele. Analysis of variance across environments revealed that GI was significantly affected by environment (E) for 21 markers, genotype of the marker (G) for 12 markers, and G × E interaction for eight markers. Of the 12 markers that showed a significant genotypic effect on GI, two were from chromosome 3A, two from 3B, six from 4A, and one each from chromosomes 5A and 7B. The functional marker TaMKK3, developed from sequence polymorphisms in allelic variants of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) gene on chromosome 4A, showed the greatest impact on PHS resistance. The results of the present study may be useful in the selection of markers for marker-assisted selection for PHS resistance in wheat.

wheat, germination index, KASP markers, TaMKK3

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