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A Review of Challenges and Emerging Technologies for Increased Energy Efficiency, Safety and Sustainability of Railway Transport

The paper presents a detailed review of state-of-the art technologies for the future development of smarter, safer and greener railway transportation systems. Firstly, the paper presents a comprehensive overview of current challenges in railway transportation, followed by emerging propulsion technologies that are key for sustainable transportation, such as those based on alternative fuels, hydrogen fuel cells and energy storage technologies for kinetic energy harvesting and bridging power applications. Secondly, emerging information and telecommunications systems based on long term evolution and 5th generation new radio networks suitable for railway applications are presented and the role of industrial internet of things is discussed. Finally, the use of wireless communications and remote sensor networks is investigated in the context of increasing the availability of key information about the transportation infrastructure under varying weather conditions for the purpose of improved transportation energy efficiency and safety, along with information technologies needed for the future implementation of Industry 4.0 concept in railways.

Railway transportation challenges, emerging technologies, sustainable transport, remote sensor networks, weather conditions, transportation safety

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