engleski

Mechanisms of Histone Modifications

In eukaryotic genomes, DNA is condensed in the form of chromatin. While chromatin is fundamentally a protective structure, it constitutes a challenge for all major cellular functions, for which interaction with the DNA sequence is a necessary requirement. posttranslational modifications of nucleosomes, the building blocks of chromatin, contribute to regulate accessibility. Here, we introduce the most common histone modifications, the machineries that deposit and remove them and their distribution in the genome. We also focus on their role in key cellular processes, particularly in transcriptional regulation and DNA repair.

Histone modifications ; chromatin ; epigenetics ; acetylation ; methylation ; phosphorylation ; transcription ; DNA repair

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