engleski

Team sports and ACTN 3/R577X, ADRB3 and ACE polymorphysims

In the last thirty years, in the context of sports, the association of more than 200 gene polymorphisms with motor and functional abilities has been confirmed. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of different genotypic polymorphisms of ACTN3/ R577X, ADRB 3 and ACE genes in players of team sports of the highest competitive rank in Croatia. For these genetic polymorphisms, research to date has suggested a possible correlation with success in energy-extreme spots such as power lifting and sprinting, and on the other hand, marathon and high-endurance sports. The sample consisted of 127 athletes: 56 football players, 40 basketball players, 31 volleyball players of top competition levels who underwent the genetic testing. For the purpose of this study we calculated so-called “sport index” from polymorphisms previously in literature related to sport success. “Superior” gene polymorphism RR-ACTN3 R577X's for explosive ability and strength was represented in 37% of the selected sample of top athletes. The study showed statistically significant differences in the distribution of the RR polymorphism of the ACTN3 gene. There was no difference in the incidence of Ins/Ins ACE gene polymorphisms and Trp/Trp and Trp/Arg ADRB3 gene polymorphisms, which were assumed to be more common in sports with a pronounced aerobic component. The results showed statistically higher “sport index” in midfield footballers in comparison to other soccer positions, but no statistically significant difference in the incidence of certain polymorphisms between three team sports athletes and the general population of this region. This research raises the question of determining the coefficient of influence of a particular gene polymorphism on the possibility of developing a certain ability and their interaction, as well as their influence on the expression of other abilities and skills that determine the sport result and relate to all elements of the complex multi factorial nature of sports success.

heritage ; team sports ; ACTN3 ; ADRB3

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