engleski

Toll-like receptors as a potential genetic marker in dairy cattle

The physiological regulation of milk production is controlled by multiple genes that may be important potential candidate genes for detecting genetic variation in economically important traits of farm animals. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of evolutionarily conserved receptor proteins that play an essential role in activating innate defense mechanisms and in the acquired immune response. These are transmembrane proteins that allow the host to differentiate between an array of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) like the structure of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi, as well as a wide range of molecules produced in inflammatory processes or during necrosis. Each individual TLR possesses its own ligand recognition repertoire. All 10 TLR genes, identified in mammals, have been mapped in cattle. Mutations in the TLR may reduce the ability of the protein to recognize PAMPs and, therefore, interfere with innate immune activation creating a susceptibility to a number of inflammatory diseases as well as an increased risk of mammary infections. Research show associations between certain genotypes/alleles of multiple loci with lower somatic cell count (SCC) and resistance to mastitis, thus indicating that these genes could be used as a potential genetic MAS for mastitis resistance in dairy cattle.

toll-like receptor ; resistance ; mastitis ; dairy cattle ; SCC

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