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GSTP1 as diagnostic marker in prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) research is focused on finding more accurate diagnostic and prognostic tools in the diagnosis of PCa. Early PCa identification is paramount in the prevention of metastatic progression as well as treatment in its initial stages. Low specificity of the routinely used diagnostic biomarker - prostate specific antigen (PSA) leads to excessive biopsies and generates an unnecessary financial burden on the health system. Gene panel biomarkers such as the Gluthathione S Transferase P1 (GSTP1) are currently the focus of intense research as a site of aberrant modification in PCa. GSTP1 is overexpressed in solid tumours including renal and urinary carcinomas and is associated with therapeutic failures of chemotherapy, cancer drug resistance and a poorer prognosis. In our study we compared immunohistochemical expression of GSTP1 in 20 PCa patients with 20 benign hyperplasia (BPH) patients. Expression was analyzed in PCa and BPH epithelial cells, as well as in stromal cells. Expression of GSTP1 was completely lost in the PCa epithelia and preserved in BPH. Furthermore, while expression in the stroma was higher in PCa, it was not deemed statistically relevant. We conclude that GSTP1 has a potential as the diagnostic PCa marker but further studies with the larger cohorts are needed.

GSTP1, prostate cancer

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