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Comparison of conventional and advanced technique in sustainable plant extract production and its application in dairy industry

Medicinal and aromatic plants are a rich source of structurally diverse bioactive molecules (BAM) (polyphenols, dietary fiber, sterols, pigments, polysaccharides, vitamins, minerals, etc.) which possess various biological activities, and have a great potential for the application in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Extraction is one of the most important steps in BAM isolation and can be affected by the applied extraction techniques, conventional or advanced with lower organic solvent consumption (microwave assisted, ultrasound assisted, pressurized liquid extraction, etc.) as well as various extraction conditions (pH, time, temperature, pressure, particle size, solvent, sample/solvent ratio, microwave power, etc.). Furthermore, for the dairy industry and production of enriched functional dairy products, liquid plant extracts are often processed into a more stable powder form by using appropriate encapsulation techniques. Therefore, this paper presents a systematic and comprehensive review of techniques used in the production of liquid plant extracts and powders, which have a great perspective for the application in the production of functional and/or enriched dairy products. Besides selection of the efficient extraction techniques and optimal extraction conditions, it is also important to conduct the economic feasibility study to determine which technique is the best choice for sustainable plant extracts and powder production from technical and economic aspects.

plant extracts ; powdered extract ; conventional techniques ; advanced techniques ; functional dairy products

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