engleski

Gamma-radiolytic synthesis of different nanomaterials with potential biomedical applications

The only gamma irradiation facility in Croatia is a panoramic batch-type dry storage 60Co gamma irradiator, located at the Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory (RCDL) at Ruđer Bošković Institute (RBI) in Zagreb. This irradiator is used for the synthesis of magnetic and noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), as well as their nanocomposite hydrogels. Gold and superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs have been used in various fields in biomedicine: as contrast agents in diagnostics, in drug delivery, as radiosensitization agents, biosensors, for hyperthermia cancer treatments etc. On the other hand, ferrogels (magnetic-field-sensitive gels) and Au and Ag NPs containing hydrogels have potential applications as wound dressings, artificial muscles, for bone and cardiac tissue regeneration etc. The applications of NPs depend on physicochemical parameters such as NPs size, surface, phase composition and stability, which can be controlled by synthesis method. At RCDL different g-irradiation assisted methods for the synthesis of NPs in the presence of polymers and small organic molecules, and in microcompartments, were used to control NPs size and stability. Superparamagnetic magnetite and gold NPs were synthesized by microemulsion method, and the reducing conditions, NPs size, composition and stoichiometry controlled by γ-irradiation dose, dose rate, atmosphere and pH. AuNPs were synthesized by a citrate-radiolytical method and compared to the classical citrate method. Polymer present and its ability to stabilize Fe(III) precursor NPs strongly influenced the reduction of Fe(III). High reduction, in the case of DEAE-dextran, resulted in superparamagnetic magnetite NPs at lower doses, and superparamagnetic δ-FeOOH nano-discs at above 50 kGy. In addition, Au, Ag and magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels were synthesized by one step g-irradiation technique, by simultaneous crosslinking of polymer chains and reduction of metal cations/metal oxide precursors, with promising thermal and rheological properties for further application.

gamma-irradiation ; gold nanoparticles ; magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, PEO/Au nanocomposite gels ; magnetic gels ; cytotoxicity

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