engleski

Preparation of the antibacterial composites based on metal/metal oxide nanoparticles and calcium phosphates

Research of antibiotic alternatives is particularly important given the increasing number of nosocomial infections caused by antibiotic‐ resistant bacteria that may develop after implant surgery. Advances in the preparation of biocompatible implants with antibacterial properties are of special interest as they have a local effect and could potentially reduce the use of systemic antibiotics. In this regard, composites based on calcium phosphates (CaPs) and metal or metal oxide nanomaterials have immense potential, as CaPs are chemically and crystalline similar to bone mineral and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles generally do not promote bacterial resistance (1). In this study, silver (AgNPs) and zinc oxide (ZnONPs) nanoparticles were selected for their antimicrobial properties (2). The novelty of this study is the preparation of new antibacterial composites by precipitating CaPs with the addition of AgNPs or ZnONPs at different concentrations, as an alternative to ion‐ substituted CaPs. Two types of AgNPs differing in capping agents were synthesised, namely Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPAgNP) and Sodium bis(2‐ ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate (AOTAgNP) stabilised AgNPs (3). The ZnONPs were obtained commercially. The CaPs’ precipitation progress in the presence of NPs was followed by monitoring the changes in pH. The precipitates were collected at predetermined period of time, filtered and characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Calcium‐deficient hydroxyapatite (CaDHA) was identified in all precipitation systems, including one without NPs. From the SEM micrographs, it was evident that the capping agents had a significant effect on the morphology of the precipitates formed in the different systems. Therefore, it became clear that the formation of CaP composites with metallic nanoparticles should be comprehensively investigated, as different parameters may affect the process and properties of the formed materials differently. Additional clarification and determination of these parameters is of great importance for the further development of orthopaedic implants

antibacterial ; orthopaedic implants ; composites

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