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Digital image correlation and the use of high- speed cameras for 3D displacement monitoring in 1g small-scale landslide models

Small-scale physical models of landslides triggered by rainfall and seismic conditions provide a good insight into the initiation and progression of full-scale landslides in nature. In order to track and document the displacements on the surface of the small-scale model, a digital image correlation-based optical measuring system with high-speed cameras is used here. Each model is prepared for the optical measurements by adding specially chosen marker points (pins) that are monitored by a pair of high-speed cameras during each experiment. An additional set of non-high- speed cameras with higher resolution is used to monitor the deformation field on a selected smaller part of the model. This enables to obtain the 3D displacements and velocities of each marker point in order to detect any movement or crack opening on the surface both visually and accurately from the optical measurement results. The described system and established measurement procedure are advantageous as they provide the 3D displacement and velocity data for a large number of points on the surface with less equipment than conventional contact measurement methods. The collected data, in combination with other monitoring sensors, allow the observation of landslide initiation and the analysis of landslide evolution in all parts of the model slope during the sliding process. In this paper we present the measurement procedure and the results obtained optically in selected small-scale experiments.

landslides, 1g small-scale models, digital image correlation, optical measurement, surface displacements

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