engleski

Application of 3D technologies in footwear trace evidence collection and identification

Footprints are one of the most common traces found at the crime scene. They can be extremely important in discovering the perpetrators, and their proper collection, documentation and analysis is crucial for the case solving. Footprints can be found on different surfaces ; smooth (e.g., floor) or more specific (e.g., mud, snow etc.). The collection of footwear trace evidence depends on the surface, and weather conditions. Sometimes it is necessary to act quickly (for example, collecting an impression in mud in rainy weather) and find the proper collection method. The most widespread technique of collecting impressions is casting but depending on the conditions, it is possible to apply other techniques. Considering the progress of technology, in this case of 3D scanning and printing, it is necessary to introduce new methods that will enable faster, safer, and more precise collection of traces, with maximum preservation of the integrity of the evidence. In this study, methods of extracting two-dimensional and three- dimensional traces are explained as well as the analysis of sole traces using conventional (casting) and non-conventional (3D scanning, photogrammetry and 3D printing by fused deposition modeling) methods with a detailed elaboration of the mentioned methods. To better understand the advantages and disadvantages of conventional and modern methods, the experiment on one footprint trace evidence was performed using casting, 3D scanning, photogrammetry, model preparation and 3D printing. The special emphasis on the duration and simplicity of each individual procedure was given.

Sole impression ; Sole imprint casting ; Photogrammetry ; 3D scanning ; 3D printing ; Fused Deposition Modeling

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