engleski

Family Orchidaceae of the island Biševo

Geographically island of Biševo belongs to the Vis archipelago (Central Dalmatia, Croatia) and phytogeographically to the eumediterranean zone of the Eastern Adriatic. It is a small island with area of 5, 8 km2, situated southwest of the Vis island with its approximate centre at 42° 58′ N latitude and 16° 01′ E longitude (MTB ¼ à 3062/1). Up to now floristic data about Biševo were given by Visiani (1842-1850), Ginzberger (1921) and Pavletić (1970-1973). On the whole, Pavletić (1974) recorded 398 taxa of vascular plants. During 2000 (April-May) and 2001 (March-April) field research of the orchids was undertaken. Significant habitats examined were garrigue, spars maquis, rocky ground, sparse grassland, degraded and abandoned agricultural land. Out of 398 different taxa recorded by Pavletić (1974) during our fieldwork we have confirmed 264 taxa and found 32 new taxa for the island of Biševo. This is not a definite list because there are species still to be determined. The main reason we have not been able to confirm all the taxa previously recorded is that the fieldwork was done only in the springtime. Pavletić (1974) has recorded five orchid species (subspecies included) from which we have confirmed three: Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich., Ophrys incubacea Bianca, Serapias parviflora Parl. We have neither been able to find Orchis coriophora L. nor its subspecies O. coriophora L. subsp. fragrans (Pollini) Camus. Four orchid species new for the island and their localities are: · Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch – Kvarnar · Ophrys bombyliflora Link – between Porat and Donja Sarbunara · O. x lyrata H. Fleischm. (O. bertolonii Moretti x O. incubacea Bianca) – Donja Sarbunara · O. tommasinii Vis. – Kvarnar For the flora of Croatia this is an important contribution because Ophrys x lyrata H. Fleischm. and O. tommasinii Vis. are endemic species, so they should be listed in the Red Book of Croatian flora and protected. Ophrys bombyliflora Link is rare with only few known localities and species Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch is an endangered orchid.

flora; orchids; the island of Biševo; Croatia

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