engleski

IVRA: review of the most important local aesthetics and adjuvants

Intravenous regional anesthesia is primarily used in surgical procedures of the distal parts of the extremities that can be reliably performed for 60 minutes. Numerous advantages of IVRA are ease of use, reliability, economy, the ability to perform in an outpatient setting, high success rate, and rapid recovery. On the other hand, the toxicity of local anesthetics, delayed onset of action, poor muscle relaxation, poor postoperative pain control, and tourniquet pain are limiting factors. Therefore, different local anesthetics and different groups of adjuvants seek to emphasize the positive and minimize the adverse effects. Lidocaine, prilocaine, and ropivacaine are the most commonly used local anesthetics, while non-steroidal anti- inflammatory, alpha-2 agonists, dexamethasone, opioid analgesics, non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, and many others are the most commonly used adjuvants. This article aims to systematize the most important drugs used in IVRA, their effects, and their limitations.

intravenous regional anaesthesia, local anesthetics, adjuvants

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