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Bryophyte collection within Herbarium Croaticum (ZA) saved from oblivion

World herbaria with over 390 million specimens are being rapidly digitised, providing easy and flexible on-line access to herbarium data. The digitalization of the largest and the oldest Croatian herbarium collection Herbarium Croaticum (ZA) started in 2015 and is continuously done through the Flora Croatica Database and Herbarium Croaticum Virtual herbarium web interface. So far, this process was entirely focused on vascular plants, while little was known about its bryophyte collection other than from available literature. In the last few years all bryophyte specimens within the collection were systemized and digitised and their nomenclature was updated. The collection keeps around 12000 specimens belonging to as many as 1177 taxa from 408 genera. The same number is estimated for unidentified bryophyte specimens within ZA collection. The most numerous genera are Sphagnum, Rhynchostegium and Cinclidotus, while the most frequent taxa are Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., Rhynchostegium riparioides (Hedw.) Cardot, Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr. and Cratoneuron filicinum (Hedw.) Spruce. The digitalization process revealed two new bryophyte species for Croatia – Hylocomiastrum umbratum (Ehrh. ex Hedw.) M. Fleisch. and Timmiella barbuloides (Brid.) Mönk, hidden for decades within the collection. The oldest specimen dates back to 1828. The majority of the collection was accumulated in the first two decades of 20th century (25%) and in the recent 12 years (50%). The collection covers seven continents and Pacific islands, with predomination of European specimens (96.3%). Within Europe, Croatia is the most represented (64.0%) followed by Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, Poland, Hungary, Montenegro and Slovenia. The majority of Asian specimens originate form China, Indonesia and Japan, while USA and Brazil stand out among specimens from Americas. Among as many as 450 collectors, the most fruitful older ones were I. Horvat (8.7%), J. Podpera (5.8%) and Lj. Rossi (5.1%), while predomination of recent contributors V. Šegota (21.2%) and A. Alegro (13.1%) is evident.

collection, Croatia, digitalization, herbaria, specimens

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