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William of Tyre and the Case of Ralph of Domfront (Historia Ierosolymitana XV, 11–17) – Communicating Legal Knowledge and the Romano- Canonical Procedure

The arrival of Papal legate Alberic of Ostia to Sidon in 1140 and his later participation in the proceedings against Ralph of Domfront, patriarch of Antioch, are described by William of Tyre in his Chronicon, or Historia Ierosolymitana, XV, 11- 17. The case against the patriarch, taking place in Antioch after an inconclusive prior examination in Rome under the charges of uncanonical election, fornication and simony, is also reported in a charter from Reims, published by Hiestand in Papsturkunden für Kirchen im Heiligen Lande, no. 46 (p. 164). Although the career of Ralph of Domfront and the process have already been the object of separate studies from a historical standpoint, in this paper the focus will be on the procedure and legal language used by William of Tyre, set against the backdrop of preserved report. Following the notice of his legal studies in Historia, XIX, 12, the manner and the contents of William’s communication of the case will be examined in the context of early development of Romano-canonical procedure. Also, the paper will address the issue of diffusion of procedural rules to the Latin East at a stage when ordines iudiciarii were just starting to form a new branch of legal literature.

William of Tyre ; Ralph of Domfront ; Historia Ierosolymitana ; Roman Law ; Romano-Canonical Procedure

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