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Saving the Heritage of Noble Families of Slavonia and Slovenia after World War II – a Comparative View

From the eighteenth to the middle of the twentieth century, in the area of today’s eastern Croatia known as Slavonia, lived noble families who owned valuable art collections. Most of these collections had been created by importing works of art from European cultural centers ; however works by local and domestic artists also found a home among those collections. Transfers of this material began in the interwar period, especially due to the weakening of the economic power of the nobility caused by the agrarian reform, and such processes also took place in the area of today’s Slovenia. Those collections suffered additional decline during World War II, when the war posed a significant threat to them. In the post-war period, the nobility experienced complete social and political degradation and the new communist regime implemented aggressive measures resulting in a change in ownership of a large number of works of art, which predominantly entered the collections of museum institutions and became state property. Following the democratic changes in Slovenia and Croatia, there has been a growing interest in researching the heritage of noble families, especially the provenance of works of art in public collections originally owned by the said noble families. This paper presents basic information regarding the history of art collections owned by the Slavonian noble families and ways to save their heritage in the post-World War II period. The paper also provides an overview of contemporary research on the phenomenon of transfer and nationalization of works of art owned by the nobility, in comparison with research in the field of heritage of the Slovenian nobility. The noble Adamovich family is especially prominent ; they owned estates in Slavonia and Slovenia before World War II and left a significant mark on economic, political and cultural events in this area

Nobility, Art Collections, Transfers of Works of Arts, Slavonia, Slovenia

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