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Influence of waste composition and indigenous microorganisms on the evaluation of biodegradability parameters

In recent decades, increasing concern for the environment has driven the search for renewable and more environmentally friendly alternatives for the generation of energy and products. The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is an abundant type of biowaste and is highly dependent on where and when it is collected in a given area. European and national legislation has focused on diverting OFMSW from landfill and stabilising it with various technologies. Aerobic and anaerobic indices can be used to evaluate the stability of solid waste samples. Biological treatment uses indigenous microorganisms that convert waste into resources in a native way, including composting or anaerobic digestion. The ratio between chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand over 5 days (BOD5) indicates the degree of biodegradability of a waste. The objective is to investigate the effects of variability in OFMSW composition and microbial activity on biodegradability parameters and final outcomes in biological treatment selection. Physico-chemical and microbiological analyses were performed in eluates prepared from real OFMSW samples according to standard methods. Based on the obtained experimental data from the eluate, biodegradability was evaluated by linear regression analysis. The results show high R2 values, ranging from 0.91 to 0.96. Increased activity of microorganisms is indicated by the dissolved oxygen values, which range up to 0.08 mg/L. The BOD5/COD ratio value is greater than 0.5 and the OFMSW is considered suitable for biological treatment.

organic fraction of municipal solid waste, indigenous microorganisms, biodegradability

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