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Trends in breeding soybean for abiotic stress at the Agricultural institute Osijek

As water shortage can significantly limit soybean production in Europe, breeding drought-tolerant cultivars while reducing the input burden of additional selection criteria is important, especially in the conventional, GMO-free breeding programmes. This study aimed to compare the photosynthetic efficiency of four genotypes in sufficient soil water supply (T1) and drought (T2) conditions, determining genotypes potentially more tolerant to drought occurring during seed filling. The results indicated that the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (TR0/ABS) remained at optimal levels, irrelevant of soil water status. The photosynthetic performance index on absorption basis (PIABS) and the performance index for energy conservation from exciton to the reduction of PSI end acceptors (PITOTAL) significantly changed only in genotype G3. Based on T2 PIABS and T2 PITOTAL, as well as stress tolerance indices (STI) for both parameters, genotype G3 was determined to have the least efficient photosynthetic apparatus in drought, while genotype G4 was determined to have the most efficient. Although PIABS and PITOTAL could be useful in eliminating genotypes with the most unfavourable trait values, especially in large scale genotype screenings for drought stress tolerance in early generations, stress tolerance of genotypes with superior photosynthetic performance should be confirmed in multi- environment yield trials.

soybean, photosynthesis, drought, performance index

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