engleski

Toll-like receptor 2 influences adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Adult neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons, occurs in two regions of the brain, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus. Newly born neurons in the SGZ, differentiate and integrate locally into the DG as granule cells, which contribute to both formation and extinction of new memories. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of neurogenesis are largely unknown. Tolllike receptors (TLRs) are a family of innate immune system receptors that prime an inflammatory response and facilitate activation of the adaptive immune response. In addition, recent findings suggest that TLRs may also play roles in regulating the multiple processes in the central nervous system (CNS) such as neurogenesis, axonal growth, and neural plasticity. Thus TLR2, one of the most prevalent TLRs in the CNS, is found to be expressed in neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs). It has been shown that TLR2 expressed by these cells is directly involved in their differentiation into neurons. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of TLR2 on hippocampal neurogenesis and neural plasticity using TLR2-deficient mice and their wild-type littermates. TLR2 deficiency in mice impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and exhibits reduced dendritic arborization suggesting that TLR2 may be involved in the processes of learning and memory. Further work is required to elucidate roles for TLR2 in cognitive process.

Toll-like receptor 2 ; hippocampal neurogenesis, mice

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