engleski

ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF TEXTILE DYES

The modern textile industry is facing the challenges of simultaneously integrating economic, political and social influences, culture, society, environment, environmentally friendly technologies and sustainable materials. The textile industry, despite its undeniable importance, is one of the anthropogenic activities that uses large amounts of dyes and pigments including enormous consumption of (drinking) water, fuels and chemicals, which often pollutes surface water bodies. The presence of different types of dyes and pigments used in finishing processes such as dyeing and printing can cause significant changes in the ecosystem. Nowadays, thanks to increased public awareness of environmental safety and health care, benign, non-toxic and sustainable products from biological resources are becoming increasingly popular in various spheres of life. Sustainability triad contains environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability ; it is frequently characterized as “addressing the necessities of today without trading off the ability of future eras to meet their individual prerequisites”. This paper reviews the ecological, economic and social aspects of textile dyes with an emphasis on sustainability. Sustainability indicators from the economic aspect consist of economic performance, indirect economic impacts and the world market. Indicators of industrial sustainability in the context of ecology can be seen from the aspect of resource use, pollution caused and human behavior activities. Social indicators of the sustainability of natural dyes in the textile industry relate to adequate working conditions, equal opportunities, consumer health and safety, and human rights. In the context of economics, this article compares natural and synthetic dyes, in the context of environmental aspects enormous environmental pollutants and wastewater problems are discussed, and social aspects include issues related to human rights, adequate working conditions and (illegal) child labour in industries.

Sustainability, Synthetic and natural dyes, Textile industry, Textile wastewater

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