engleski

Effects of estradiol on biological age measured using the glycan age index

Glycan age is a recently developed biomarker based on glycans attached to immunoglobulin G (IgG). In large population cohorts, glycan age associates well with lifestyle and disease-risk biomarkers, while some studies suggested that glycan changes precede the development of several age-associated diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of estrogen on the glycan age. Gonadal hormones were suppressed in 36 healthy young women by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy for 6 months. In 15 of them, estradiol was supplemented, while 21 received placebo resulting in very low estrogen levels during the intervention. IgG was isolated from plasma samples before the intervention, after 6 months of intervention, and after subsequent 4-month recovery. At each time point, we performed IgG N- glycoprofiling by hydrophilic interaction ultra- performance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC) and the glycan age index was calculated. Deprivation of gonadal hormones resulted in a median increase of glycan age for 9.1 years which was completely prevented by transdermal estradiol therapy. After the recovery period, the glycan age returned to baseline values in both groups. These results suggest that IgG glycans and consequently also the glycan age are under a strong influence of gonadal hormones and that estradiol therapy can prevent the increase of glycan age that occurs in the perimenopausal period.

estradiol ; biological age ; glycan age ; sex hormones ; women

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