engleski

How to optimize the salt reduction interventions targeting elderly population?

Increased dietary sodium intake is a growing public health problem in developed countries and a risk factor contributing to a wide variety of non- communicable chronic diseases (NCD). Preventable NCDs contribute to higher morbidity, mortality, reduced quality of life of the elderly population and increased healthcare expenditure. Average daily salt intake in Croatia amounts to 11.6 g/day (World Health Organization recommendation is less than 5 g/day), and 19, 41% of population is over the age of 65. The specific aim is to detect key valid sources of information, possible opportunities and risks, define main criteria and framework necessary to optimize future interventions and develop large-scale national programs. Methods. We used PUB HUB policy coil as a tool which encompasses all necessary steps for policy analysis and covers all policy development steps necessary for comprehensive policy overview. As a starting position for this policy analysis we used World Health Organization recommendations, and international studies focused on the salt intake in the elderly population. Information for mapping of the needs and setting assessment were: national strategic documents, existing interventions, available project evaluations and published papers. Results. National Strategic plan for salt intake reduction after 2020 is not yet developed. A specific national program for salt intake reduction in elderly population does not exist. Few interventions for the general population have been developed, but still without noted relevant progress. Interventions in other countries exist, mostly small-scale interventions or randomized controlled trials targeting communities of elderly, e.g. in nursing homes. Some US states legally require inclusion of salt restriction in nutrition programs for the elderly in institutional settings. Conclusion. Preserving or improving health in countries with rapidly aging population poses a significant public health challenge and requires long-term planning. Elderly population is comprised of several subgroups, each of them requiring separate interventions – salt reduction is not an “one size fits all” solution. More studies are needed to properly assess the optimal approach, but this policy analysis provides recommendations on how to perform specific mapping of stakeholders, setting assessment and vulnerable groups which may be useful in future planning of large-scale interventions.

public health ; intervention ; elderly ; salt intake ; policy analysis

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