engleski

Hydrothermal synthesis of chitosan and tea tree oil on cotton fabrics in plain and satin weave

Chitosan, the second most used natural polymer, is characterized by its biodegradability, biocompatibility and antimicrobial efficiency, and today it is applied to various types of textiles by conventional and advanced technological application processes. However, depending on the purpose, textiles prepared in this way should retain their functional properties during use and multiple maintenance cycles, and achieving a stable treatment is today a major challenge for many scientists. The aim of the paper was to enhance the antimicrobial activity of chitosan by using tea tree. The influence of crosslinkers and catalysts on the possibility of obtaining stable bonds using hydrothermal in situ synthesis between cellulosic material and chitosan with and without tea tree essential oil was investigated in detail. Surface morphology of the samples was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and the distribution of chitosan particles on the surface of the material is visible with the appearance of agglomerates and thin film which covering the surface of the fibres. A larger amount of chitosan particles is visible on the sample in the plain weave. After the maintenance cycle, the reduction of chitosan particles on the surface of the material is clearly visible in all samples, but all samples were covered with a thin film with an emphasis on stronger coverage of the samples in the plain weave. In the case of samples, a larger amount of bound particles was retained in the plain weave, and the reason is found in the interweaving of the fabric. In the plain weave connection, each weft is intertwined with each base. This creates a large number of "channels" in which chitosan particles could remain. In satin weave, the base thread connects every fifth thread of the weft. There is a larger flat surface between the threads and the finish is easier to remove from the surface, since there are no indentations as in fabrics in plain weave. Spectral bands obtained by Fourier transform of infrared spectrum in Attenuated Total Reflection measurement technique analysis indicate that all tested samples had physico-chemical changes in the structure, which were largely retained on the samples treated with both bath (Bath I and II) and after the maintenance cycle. In the samples treated with Bath I, a change in the spectral band at wave number 899.37 is visible, which indicates asymmetric stretching of the ring in the region of C1-O-C4 ß-glycosidic bonds with possible signal amplification due to the presence of terpinen-4-ol from tea tree essential oil. Analysis of the samples on the goniometer proved the hydrophilicity of the tissues, despite the film forming on the surface of the treated samples. This property is desirable for materials used as a wound dressing. The results of antimicrobial efficacy determined according to AATCC TM 147-2016 showed resistance of chitosan-treated materials to bacteria and fungi in most cases, but only samples treated with chitosan and tea tree oil developed a zone of inhibition according the fungus Candida Albicans.

cotton ; chitosan ; tea tree oil ; in situ hydrothermal synthesis ; hydrophilicity ; antimicrobial effect ;

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