engleski

Sorption properties during dyeing of enzyme-treated polyester fibers

The process of sorption of disperse dye on pre- treated polyester knitwear is considered in this paper. Pre-treatment of polyester was performed using the enzyme esterase in order to prepare the fibers for easier and simpler dyeing. In the previous processing, the surface morphology of the fibers changes. Unlike the clean appearance of the surface of the raw fibers, the changes on the surface of the treated fibers are very noticeable, defects in the form of surface stratification are observed. The resulting surface deformations make the fibers more permeable to water and dyestuff and change the tactile properties of the knitwear, making it like the touch of natural fiber textiles, as opposed to the characteristic touch of synthetic textiles. The dyeing process of pre- treated polyester knitwear gives better results compared to dyeing raw material. There is the continuity in changes during the increase of initial concentration of dye, i.e., with the increase of concentration the level of exhaustion of dye decreases. With the increase of concentration of dye in solution, in the beginning there is a slightly larger fall of percentage of exhausted dye, in the end of dyeing this fall is lower 8-15 %, for a dyeing period of 10 to 60 min. There is the continuity in changes during time, i.e., the longer time carries the greater level of exhaustion. At lower concentrations, initially, there is a higher percentage of dye exhaustion, at higher initial concentrations the percentage of exhaustion slows down. The linear parts of the curve represent the diffusion in the surface layer, while the parts of the plateau on the curve correspond to the diffusion in the pores. The continuity in changes during the increase of initial concentration and during time, i.e., the greater amount of dye in the solution or longer time of dyeing brings greater amount of adsorbed dye per mass unit of the textile, i.e., at the greatest applied initial concentrations of dye and the longest dyeing the greatest adsorption appears. According to the comparative results for the degree of depletion and sorption capacity of crude polyester and polyester treated enzyme, there is a noticeable difference, the raw sample, in both cases, has a weaker result, i.e., poorer dye exhaustion and poorer sorption capacity. The largest differences in these sorption parameters were observed at the highest initial concentration, 400 mg/dm3.

sorption, dyeing, polyester, disperse dye, esterase.

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