engleski

The Importance of physical activity of the elderly in the prevention of chronic diseases, quality and length of life

Physical activity is beneficial to people of all ages and is associated with reducing morbidity and prolonging life expectancy. Exercise has been linked to several beneficial health outcomes, including improved bone and muscle health, reduced risk of obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, certain types of cancer, and overall mortality. It can also improve cognitive functions, reduce the risk of falls and fall related injuries in older adults, and reduce stress, anxiety, and depression. The most common risks of exercise are injuries to the musculoskeletal system. More severe but less common risks include arrhythmias, sudden cardiac arrest, and myocardial infarction. The benefits of exercise outweigh the potential risks. By exercising the elderly improve mobility, strength, flexibility, and stability. It can improve daily functioning, reduce the risk of falls and consequent injuries, and help maintain independence. It is never too late for physical activity, and every physical activity has health benefits. Group exercise programs have the added benefit of social inclusion. Before starting physical activity, it is necessary to assess the current activity, determine the presence of symptoms and signs of known chronic diseases, and the desired intensity of exercise. Four categories of exercise are recommended for older adults: aerobic exercise, strength exercises, flexibility, and balance. It usually starts with moderate-intensity aerobic activities for 30 minutes five days a week or vigorous activities three days a week. Flexibility is significant for performing daily life activities ; flexibility exercises should be performed twice a week for 10 minutes. Balance exercises like tai chi improve stability and can pre-vent falls and reduce injuries associated with falls. Health service is the most critical source of health information, but networks and other community-based resources can promote the importance of physical activity. Before starting the planned physical activity, it is necessary to conduct motivational support and focus it on immediate and personally significant benefits and long-term benefits that include overall health and lower health care costs.

aging ; physical activity ; exercise ; muscles ; chronic diseases

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