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Future of Tourism in the Mediterranean - Case Studies of Croatia and Turkey

The pandemic of COVID - 19 brought significant changes into the tourism industry worldwide. One of the most affected industries is the tourism industry, leaving many destinations with uncertainty for the future. The authors were quick to recognise some positive changes that the situation could bring into the destination's tourism growth. In the last decades, researchers have addressed the importance of sustainable tourism development and its benefits to the local community, stressing out the importance of replacing mass tourism with sustainable alternatives. Post-COVID - 19 tourism developments will open the way to opportunities linked to the various sustainable and special interest types of tourism. New global tourism trends already indicated the key needs of new travellers ; their desire to escape from urban agglomerations into nature, more private and individual destinations, as well as the growing demand for active, outdoor, recreational, health and wellness tourism. This will bring opportunity for smaller and underdeveloped locations to find their path to tourism development. This study aims to explore the opportunities that the tourism industry can gain from the unpredictable situation caused by the pandemic. Nevertheless, the study analysed two Mediterranean competitive destinations in comparative perspective: Croatia and Turkey and their specific situations (Croatia – extreme seasonality and overdependence on tourism ; Turkey – economic and political instability, migration flows), following three stages and elaborating key indicators: (a) pre-Covid 19 tourism, (b) tourism during the Covid 19 and (c) post-Covid 19 tourism. The research also included elaboration of parallel phenomena in the Euro-Mediterranean: tourism (North-South) and migrations (South-North) and the future of cultural encounters in this most important global tourism area.

tourism, Mediterranean, special interest tourism, pandemic, Croatia, Turkey

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