engleski

Using artificial intelligence (AI) methods to combat climate change at marine ports

Marine ports operations are often associated with a variety of externalities including air pollution, noise, accidents, vibration, land take and visual intrusion. Climate change is considered to be a crucial challenge that mankind has to confront nowadays Special attention has to be paid to the emissions of greenhouse gasses from freight transport. When berthing at a port a vessel needs considerably large amount of electric power to support its operations such as loading, unloading, lighting, cooling, etc. The power is usually supplied by auxiliary machinery and the fuel used causes several gasses emission that results in air pollution. Furthermore, this kind of engines produce noise pollution to a neighbourhood. The negative factors have an impact on the working environment and the quality of life of the citizens living in an area adjacent to a port. A universal method of shore-to-ship electrification, also known as Cold Ironing, has been recently applied for connection between all the types of ships or on-land electrical systems with different frequencies – 50 and 60 Hz. Although the cold ironing is a way to reduce ships‟ emission and air pollution of a port and its neighboring areas consequently, the fact that the ship is connected with a grid is a disadvantage. The disadvantage lies in its holistic approach to combat climate change. The electrical grid is powered by fossil fuels so the total contribution to air emission is limited. The zero emissions‟ port approach using a smart grid technology approach connected to renewable energy sources. The electrical grid is used only as a backup source in a situation where there is a deficit in power balance. The offered energy sources, found in nature, are wind, solar, geothermal, tidal and wave energy while there is also energy in biomass and earthquakes. Although there are so many of them, the challenge is the conversion to electricity and the efficiency of the converting systems. The use of such sources for commercial electrical supply is only possible with the new “Smart Grid” concept. The optimal control of such systems soon will require up-to-date algorithms with the use of artificial intelligence(AI). In the paper, an overview of AI methods for smart grid energy management optimization are presented for ports discussing the potential application of each algorithm to zero-emission port concepts.

Climate change ; Cold ironing ; Green port ; Smart grid ; Zero-emission port

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