engleski

Trichinellosis and Trichinella infections in Croatia: current status

Trichinellosis was an important public health issue in Croatia in the mid-1990s. The peak of human cases was in 1998 with 575 registered cases, though over the past 10 years, from zero to 37 human cases have been registered. The epidemic curve of Trichinella infection in the domestic swine population is similar to the human curve, with a peak of 4478 positive carcasses in 2000, followed by a continual decline in the number of positive swine carcasses to 14 or fewer positives in the last six years. The exception was in 2018, when 194 positive swine carcasses were registered. Trichinella infection has been proven in 31% of tested wolf samples (1996-2007), in 30.7% of golden jackals (2009-2020), and in 12.5% of badgers, 2, 7% of bears, 2, 4% of foxes, and 0, 15% of wild boars (2010-2020). Trichinella infection has never been confirmed in solipeds (horses and donkeys). The most widespread species are T. britovi in wild animals and T. spiralis in domestic swine, though both species are also found outside their natural circles. The first report of T. pseudospiralis dates back to 2008 in a domestic pig, though it was later confirmed in populations of wild boars and foxes. Trichinellosis will remain an expected disease in Croatia in the future. Trichinella spp. have many hosts among wild animals, and should accordingly be listed in future monitoring plans. Special attention should be focused on education to ensure the safe, proper epidemiological disposal of carcasses of both domestic and wild animals. Also, hunters are required to submit a mandatory sample of possibly infected game meat to the authorized veterinary service for Trichinella testing.

trichinellosis, Trichinella, Croatia

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