engleski

Croatian traditional apple cultivars: why are they more resistant to plant diseases?

Polyphenols are molecules with strong biological activity that represents the bearers of apple resistance to plant diseases, as well as to abiotic stress from various source. Furthermore, it was showed that apple cultivars containing higher levels of polyphenols are more resistant to plant diseases. Some of the biological activities of polyphenols are antiphlogistic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activity. In addition to the mentioned, some polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, phloridzin, and quercetin showed strong antimicrobial and antifungal activity by targeting intracellular processes in microorganisms or by provoking irreversible permeability changes in the cell membrane. Based on that, this study aimed to detect, quantify and compare the amounts of chlorogenic acid, phloridzin, and quercetin in ten Croatian traditional and five conventional apple cultivars by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detectors. Furthermore, total phenolic acids, dihydrochalcones, and flavonols were determined. The results showed that Croatian traditional apple cultivars had significantly higher amounts of investigated compounds compared to conventional apple cultivars. The highest amount of chlorogenic acid (30.29 ± 0.34 mg/100 g DW), phloridzin (3.12 ± 0.01 mg/100 g DW) and quercetin (11.68 ± 0.09 mg/100 g DW) had ‘Božičnica’, ‘Mašanka’ and ‘Petrovnjača’, respectively. The highest contents of the total phenolic acids, dihydrochalcones and flavonols were detected in ‘Božićnica’ (31, 94 ± 0.65 mg/100 g DW), ‘Mašanka’ (3, 52 ± 0, 52 mg/100 g DW) and ‘Fuji’ (19.11 ± 0, 56 mg/100 g DW), respectively. The main flavonol detected in ‘Fuji’ was quercetin-3-rutinoside. These results presents the beginning of the research on the resistance of

apples ; chlorogenic acid ; phloridzin ; quercetin

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