engleski

Common bean as a functional food: A case study of Croatian landraces

One of the most important vegetable crops and the most popular "winter" foods is common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). It is a New World crop domesticated independently in Mesoamerica and Andean South America. Into Europe, it was introduced through Spain and Portugal. The long tradition of common bean cultivation in Croatia has enabled the evolution of many landraces displaying high levels of genetic and morphological diversity. Moreover, due to the relatively high content of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, phytonutrients (flavonoids, lignins, phytosterols) and antioxidants in the seed, common bean has considerable potential as a functional food. In our research, the origin was determined for a wide panel of accessions representing Croatian common bean landraces. Also, they were phenotyped for seed content of eight nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn). Great variability of the nutritional profile was determined. Landraces of Mesoamerican origin, 'V. Trešnjevac' and 'Kukuruzar' had the highest total protein content, 24.50 % and 23.14 % respectively. Mesoamerican origin was important also for phosphorus (P) content. Besides, high potassium (K) content was determined in all landraces from the Mesoamerican gene pool, but the highest was determined in 'Puter' (1.66 %) from the Andean gene pool. On the other hand, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content were not influenced by gene pool or by growth habit. Concerning the micronutrient content results showed that the highest iron (Fe) content was found in landrace 'N. Trešnjevac' (75.77 mg Fe∙kg-1 DW) from the Andean gene pool. Origin did not affect the manganese (Mn) content while the highest zinc (Zn) content was determined in Mesoamerican landrace 'Biser' (29.32 mg Zn∙kg-1 DW). Furthermore, all the accessions were genotyped using SSRs and DArTseq-derived SNP markers and, a genome-wide association study was conducted to identify new genetic sources for improving seed mineral content.

health, minerals, nutrients, Phaseolus vulgaris L., seed content

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