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Project SIMONA: Transnationally harmonized sediment sampling and laboratory protocols for HSs in DRB’s surface waters proposal

The Interreg project “Sediment-quality Information, MONitoring and Assessment System” (SIMONA) is designed to ensure support for transnational cooperation in joint Danube Basin Water Management. The main task of the project is a proposal of a SIMONA tool for harmonized monitoring of the hazardous substances (HSs) in drainage sediment in the Danube River Basin (DRB) countries. The participants in the SIMONA project include various institutions from the DRB countries: Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Ukraine (Figure 1a). The Croatian Geological Survey (HGI-CGS) participated in all Work packages and it is responsible for Working Package 4 (WP4) of the SIMONA project. The objective of the WP4 is to develop transnationally harmonized sampling and laboratory analysis protocols for mid- and long- time surface water sediment quality monitoring and assessment to assist the water authorities in their daily work across the DRB countries. The sampling and laboratory analysis protocols will be parts of the SIMONA System. HGI-CGS with the contribution of its Associated Strategic Partners Croatian Waters (Croatia) and Waters of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) completed both protocols. The protocols were tested at the three test areas: River Drava, South Danube, and Upper Tisa, and additionally at the 26 national sites, two sites in each participating country (Figure 1b, c). The aim of the protocols is to provide proposals for harmonized sampling strategy and laboratory analyses of the HSs in sediments. Monitoring of sediments should be carried out according to the 2000/60/EC Water Framework Directive (WFD), the other relevant directives and CIS Guidance Documents, ISO standards, then ICPDR (ISPDR, 2003), and taking into consideration geological background and anthropogenic influences. The drainage sediment in a river environment considered as suitable for monitoring are stream/bottom sediments and suspended sediment or suspended solids, and optional, active floodplain sediment. A sampling procedure include: selections of compounds to be monitored in sediments, selection of sediment sampling station, sediment collection (composite samples, sampling depth and frequency, sample fraction for analysis, sample volume), sampling equipment, field observation sheet, wet–sieving in the field, transport, quality control and safety measure (Šorša and SIMONA Project team, 2019). The ISO and/or EPA standards for chemical analytical methods for the determination of heavy metals, and for the organic substances are proposed in the Laboratory analysis protocol. The HSs for monitoring in the protocol were selected under WFD and other related directives. Additionally, 5 heavy metals and their compounds from the List of Priority Substances for the Danube River Basin are included in this protocol (ICPDR, 2003). The Laboratory analyses protocol proposes procedures for sieving and drying sediment samples, their 93 storage and archive, if necessary some kind of normalization (grain size correction, quartz correction, Al- and Li-normalization) and proper quality control (Čaić Janković et al., 2019).The testing of Sampling protocol in Croatia was performed at the two selected locations ; one sampling site on the River Sutla near Kumrovec, at the CRO/SLO border, and one sampling site near the confluence of the River Drava and the River Danube at the CRO/SRB border. At the sampling sites were collected samples of overbank/floodplain sediments (at 2 depths, 0-5 cm and 40-50 cm), stream/bottom sediments and suspended sediment. The water pH, water electrical conductivity and temperature of water were measured. Detailed description of the water body, location, characteristic sediment samples, and other significant information were written in the Field Observation Sheets for Sediment Sampling, which is a part of the Sampling protocol. Collected samples were stored and transported in refrigerator to the laboratory. The testing of the protocols is undertaken before recommendation of their implementation in the monitoring of sediment in the DRB countries. A complete guidance for the monitoring incorporate procedures which comprehensively investigate sediment-associated HSs in the Danube river basin according to the WFD requirements and other relevant regulative documents in Europe. The guidance will be proposed in December 2021, at the end of the SIMONA project. REFERENCES Čaić Janković, A., Šorša, A., The SIMONA Project Team (2019): Sediment quality laboratory protocol for HSs. EU Interreg Danube Transnational Programme, 37p. http://www.interreg- danube.eu/approved-projects/simona/outputs (Last access: 1.6.2021). EC (2000): Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. ICPDR (2003): List of Priority Substances for the Danube River Basin. International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, 4p. Updated version 2018. Šorša, A., The SIMONA Project Team (2019): Sediment quality sampling protocol for HSs. EU Interreg Danube Transnational Programme, 45p. http://www.interreg-danube.eu/approved- projects/simona/outputs (Last access: 1.6.2021).

SIMONA, HSs, sediment, sampling protocol, laboratory analyses protocol

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