engleski

Glass ionomer cements

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are hydrophilic, bioactive restorative materials which develop their structure and harden following an acid-base reaction of the powder and the liquid. The GIC powder is an acid-soluble calcium fluoroaluminosilicate glass and its liquid part is an aqueous solution of organic acids, i.e. carboxylic acid homopolymers and copolymers. There is a substantial number of glass ionomer materials on the market. Essentially, they all have the same composition with certain modifications regarding the composition of powder, the composition of liquid or both, variations in the powder-liquid ratio as well as variations in the dimension of glass particles. According to the manner in which they develop their structure, there are two main GIC groups: conventional GICs, which develop their structure following an acid- base reaction, and resin-modified GICs, which develop their structure following an acid-base reaction and resin monomer polymerisation. Due to the composition of the material and its reactivity with the dental tissue, GIC has several positive features: protection from caries, chemical adhesion to dental tissue and biocompatibility. GICs are used in clinical work to form bases under composite and amalgam fillings, for tooth neck fillings, for class III fillings according to Black, for small class I fillings according to Black, for fillings of approximal caries tunnel preparations located outside the contact point area, for fillings of previously filed teeth prepared for a prosthetic restoration, as stabilisation fillings in caries treatment, in the atraumatic technique (ART technique) used in caries treatment, in the prevention of caries for sealing dental fissures, in endodontics for root canal fillings, for treating perforations of the pulp chamber bottom or root canal walls, in pedodontics for fillings of deciduous teeth, in orthodontics for band cementing and bracket fixation as well as for the cementing of crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays and overlays.

glass ionomer cements ; acid-base reaction ; resin-modified glass ionomer cements

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