engleski

Application of eutectic solvents in the extraction of bioactive components from medicinal plants: procedure, possibilities, advantages and limitations of the process

According to growing trend of using bioactive components in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, rapid development of safe methods for extraction, isolation and purification is needed. The term extraction of bioactive components, which has been mentioned more and more recently, describes the separation of certain components from solid or liquid material by means of a selective solvent in which these components are more soluble than other components from the starting material. In this process, it is important to find an adequate solvent as well as extraction method and parameters for the targeted bioactive components from a particular plant material while maintaining the environmentally friendly nature of the process. Among the new, innovative extraction techniques being developed, new solvents called deep eutectic solvents (DESs) appeared in year 2003. DESs can be synthesized by a different combination of starting components that are non-toxic and biodegradable, ultimately affecting their extraction efficiency for different bioactive components. Extraction using developed DESs has been shown to be more efficient in extracting various groups of bioactive components, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, anthocyanins and alkaloids compared to conventional solvents. However, due to their physicochemical properties with the emphasis on viscosity, certain limitations arised during extraction using deep eutectic solvents. This chapter will highlight the procedure of extraction and the wide possibility of applying DESs in the extraction of bioactive components. The advantages of this method of extraction over conventional extractions will be reviewed, but the current limitations of this method of extraction will also be presented with reference to ideas for the future that should diminish the limitations.

extraction ; deep eutectic solvents ; bioactive compounds , medicinal plant

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