engleski

Social and Behavioral Determinants of Health

The aim of this chapter is to review the main social and behavioral determinants and their potential influence on health and explain the mechanism of maintaining and changing health behaviors. Social determinants of health include a broad range of social, economic and environmental factors that influence and affect individual and population health. We described several of those factors: income, education, neighborhood conditions, work and employment conditions, social relationships and social support, and social capital. Behavioral determinants of health explain why people chose, develop, maintain and change behavior, and they influence individual health. In terms of behavioral determinants, we discussed different health related behaviors such as tobacco use and alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet, preventive medical screening and protective behaviors. Additionally, we emphasized the role of personal characteristics as personality traits, e.g. Big Five personality traits, Optimism, Hostility and Type A behavior in developing and maintaining healthy behaviors. We also provided a short outline of the relevant theories commonly utilized in explaining the mechanisms of health behaviors. These described factors may directly or indirectly influence health outcomes as well as the effectiveness of health behavior change.

Income, Education, Work, Health behaviors, Personality traits

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