engleski

Implant macro-design influence on peri-implantitis development. A retrospective study

Background: The osseointegration could revert unpredictably into a pathological process, resulting in inflammation and progressive bone loss causing peri-implantitis onset and implant failure. Even though the implant macro-design was created to accelerate the osseointegration pro- cess, it might be considered one of the implant- based factors contributing to peri-implantitis onset. Location and region of implant placement, as well as time in function, could be also proposed to affect peri-implantitis onset. Aim/Hypothesis: The study aimed to evaluate if implant macro-design parameters including implant body shape, number and shape of implant threads, and implant collar design compared to implant time in function could influence peri-implantitis onset. Material and Methods: 139 systematically healthy patients (55.17 ± 11.2 years old) with diagnosed an early or moderate stages of peri- implantitis on one or more endosteal or transmucosal implants were included in the study. Several clinical parameters (peri-implant probing depth, PPD, clinical attachment level, CAL, keratinized tissue width, KTW, plaque index, bleeding on probe), and implant based- factors such as implant location and region, and time in function (Tf) were evaluated and compared. Tf was defined as the time interval betw een implant loading and detection of peri-implantitis. In addition, implant macro-design parameters including implant shape (conic or cylindric), shape and number of implant threads, and implant collar design (polish or micro-threads) were assessed and compared to clinical data and Tf. All data were analysed using SPSS 20.0. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Peri-implantitis occurred approximately about 6.1 ± 3.4 years after implant loading. Statistical analyses failed to find a correlati on between patients' ages and implant macro- design regarding peri-implantitis incidence. Results demonstrated that implants with a cylinder shape as well as implants with tripe- threads had statistically significant higher rates of peri- implantitis in the posterior part of the mandible (P = 0.037, P = 0.012). "V"-shaped threads were found on all examined implants with diagnosed peri-implantitis. There was a statistically sig- nificant correlation between implant macro-design and Tf. Threads number and implant shape had a statistically significant influence on CAL and PPD increase, regarding Tf (P < 0.05). Longer Tf until peri- implantitis diagnosis could affect KTW decrease around implants with collar micro-threads (P < 0.001). Conclusion and Clinical implications: Peri- implantitis could be defined as a time- dependent disease. Clinical parameters exacerbation with further bone loss could be related to a prolonged time of peri- implantitis diagnosis as well as implant macro-design. Consequently, implant body design, thread number and shape, and collar design might be considered as possible implant- based risk factors in peri-implantitis onset and progression.

peri-implantitis ; retrospective study ; titanium

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