engleski

INFLUENCE OF DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID ON INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE OF RATS FED HIGH FRUCTOSE DIET

The incidence of obesity and its related comorbidities has become an important health problem worldwide. Excessive intake of fructose in diet leads to adipose tissue accumulation and dysfunction, which is largely associated with increased oxidative stress and systemic low-grade inflammation. Therefore, the current study investigated the ability of a diet with a higher amount of docosahexaenoic acid to reverse the metabolic consequences of a high fructose diet, with sex as an additional variable. Thirty Wistar rats (15 male and 15 female) were divided into a control group (CON), a high fructose group (HF, 15% of fructose in drinking water), and a DHA group (15% of fructose in drinking water and basal diet supplemented with EPA and DHA). All dietary treatments lasted for 20 weeks. The expression of TNFα, TGFβ and NRF2 genes was assessed by RT-qPCR. Adiponectin protein abundance was determined by western blotting. Fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. GraphPad 8 software was used for the statistical analysis. Dietary treatments induced changes in the fatty acid profile among all treated groups, as well as between the experimental groups. A decrease in the content of DHA and EPA, and decreased EPA/ARA ratio point to susceptibility to low-grade inflammation in fructose treated rats. Moreover, the expression of inflammatory gene markers TGFβ and TNFα was significantly increased in the HF group, as was the expression of antioxidant gene marker NRF2. In addition, adiponectin protein abundance was significantly decreased in rats fed the HF diet. Sex did not significantly influence observed changes. All aforementioned changes were prevented in the group fed the DHA diet. These findings could have important consequences for other tissues and animal health in general, due to the fact that the adipose tissue is a reservoir of polyunsaturated fatty acids for other tissues.

fructose, adipose tissue , oxidative stress, inflammation

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